The major objective in treating diabetes is to minimize any increase of blood sugar (glucose) without causing abnormally low levels of blood sugar. Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin, exercise, and a diabetic diet. Type 2 diabetes is treated first with weight reduction, a diabetic diet, and exercise. When these measures fail to control the elevated blood sugars, oral medications are used. If oral medications are still insufficient, treatment with insulin is then considered.
Sticking to a diabetic diet is an important step of controlling increased blood sugar in patients with diabetes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has provided guidelines for a diabetic diet. The ADA diet is a balanced, nutritious diet which is low in fat, cholesterol, and simple sugars. The total daily needed calories are evenly divided into three meals. In the past two years, the ADA has lifted the absolute ban on simple sugars. Small amounts of simple sugars are allowed when consumed with a complex meal.
Weight reduction and exercise are very important aspects in treating diabetes. Weight reduction and exercise increase the body's sensitivity to insulin, thus helping to control blood sugar increase.
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